Everything about The Four Freedoms totally explained
The
Four Freedoms are goals famously articulated by
United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the
State of the Union Address he delivered to the
United States Congress. In an address also known as the
Four Freedoms speech, FDR proposed four points as fundamental freedoms humans "everywhere in the world" ought to enjoy:
- Freedom of speech and expression
- Freedom of religion
- Freedom from want
- Freedom from fear
His inclusion of the latter two freedoms went beyond the traditional American Constitutional values protected by the
First Amendment, and endorsed a
right to economic security and an
internationalist view of foreign policy that have come to be central tenets of
modern American liberalism.
The Declarations
The speech delivered by President Roosevelt incorporated the following section:
United Nations
The concept of the Four Freedoms became part of the personal mission undertaken by
First Lady of the United States [ regarding her inspiration behind the
United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, General Assembly Resolution 217A (1948). Indeed, these Four Freedoms were explicitly incorporated into the preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which reads, "
Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed the highest aspiration of the common people,...."
The four freedoms and disarmament
FDR called for "a world-wide reduction of armaments" as a goal for "the future days, which we seek to make secure" but one that was "attainable in our own time and generation." More immediately, though, he called for a massive build-up of U.S. arms production: "Every realist knows that the democratic way of life is at this moment being' directly assailed in every part of the world… The need of the moment is that our actions and our policy should be devoted primarily—almost exclusively—to meeting this foreign peril. … [T]he immediate need is a swift and driving increase in our armament production. … I also ask this Congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds, to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations. … Let us say to the democracies: '…We shall send you, in ever-increasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns. …'"
- Franklin D. Roosevelt
Norman Rockwell's Four Freedoms paintings
President Roosevelt's Four Freedoms speech inspired a set of four
Four Freedoms paintings by
Norman Rockwell. The four paintings were published in
The Saturday Evening Post on
February 20,
February 27,
March 6 and
March 13 in
1943. The paintings were accompanied in the magazine by matching
essays on the Four Freedoms. (See also,
Freedom from Fear (painting)).
The
United States Department of the Treasury toured Rockwell's Four Freedoms paintings around the country after their publication in 1943. The Four Freedoms Tour raised over $130,000,000 in
war bond sales.
Rockwell's Four Freedoms paintings were also reproduced as
postage stamps by the
United States Post Office.
Four Freedoms Monument
FDR commissioned sculptor
Walter Russell to design a monument to be dedicated to the first hero of the war. The
Four Freedoms Monument was created in 1941, and was dedicated at
Madison Square Garden in New York in 1943.
Awards
The Franklin D. Roosevelt Institute
(External Link
) honors outstanding individuals who have demonstrated a lifelong commitment to these ideals. The
Four Freedoms Award medals are awarded at ceremonies at
Hyde Park, New York and
Middelburg,
Netherlands during alternate years. Among the laureates have been:
Harry S. Truman
John F. Kennedy
Jimmy Carter
Averell Harriman
Coretta Scott King
Elie Wiesel
Tip O'Neill
William Brennan
Mike Mansfield
H.R.H. Princess Juliana of the Netherlands
Václav Havel
Mikhail Gorbachev
The Dalai Lama
H.M. Juan Carlos of Spain
Shimon Peres
Bill Clinton
Use in popular culture
In the game series Splinter Cell there are numerous references to the Four Freedoms, with the commanding officer of protagonist Sam Fisher, stating at one point, "this is four freedoms territory", indicating that the situation (in the game plot) has gotten so grave that one or more of the Four Freedoms are threatened. In the opening sequence of the first game, the Four Freedoms are displayed in text version as a splash screen at the opening of the game, with a fifth freedom added: The freedom to protect the other four—by any means necessary. It is this "fifth freedom" that the game's protagonist operates under.
Marvel Comics superhero team the Fantastic Four is based in the Four Freedoms Plaza building.Further Information
Get more info on 'Four Freedoms'.
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